Secondary Motor Symptoms
-
Freezing:
-
Not explained by rigidity or bradykinesia
-
Individuals will hesitate before stepping forward - he/she will feel as if his/her foot are glued to the floor
-
Is often temporary
-
Can occur in very specific situations, but rarely happens when an individual is walking on stairs
-
Those with severe freezing cannot take a step
-
Increases a person's risk of falling foward
-
-
Micrographia:
-
Shrinkage in handwriting (abnormally small and cramped)
-
Is a result of bradykinesia (difficulty in repetitive actions)
-
-
Mask-like expression:
-
Individual's face is less expressive than usual
-
Caused by a decrease of unconscious facial movements due to a combination of rigidity and bradykinesia
-
-
Unwanted accelerations:
-
Some individuals experience movements that are too quick
-
Occurs in speech and movement
-
Those with rapid speech (tachyphemia) produce a rapid stammering that is very difficult to understand
-
Those with uncontrollabe acceleration in movement (festination) experience the increased risk for falling
-
-
Stooped posture:
-
Tendency to lean forward
-
-
Dystonia:
-
Involuntary muscle contractions that cause abnormal and slow movements
-
-
Impaired fine motor dexterity and motor coordination
-
Decreased movement
-
Akathisia:
-
An inner feeling of restlessness and a need to be in constant motion
-
-
Speech problems:
-
Softness in voice
-
Slurred speech
-
-
Difficulty swallowing
-
Sexual dysfunction
-
Cramping
-
Drooling